The industrial development in our country in recent years has been remarkable.Especially the factories-----those of petroleum and coal products, synthetic fiber products, synthetic resin products, chemistry, iron manufactures, transportation equipments, electric machinery and apparatus, precision instruments and optical instruments etc. have been newly established, not only in the already established industrial areas, but also in all parts of the country, and extension and recon-struction of existing factories are going on actively. In keeping with this, is the strong demand to strengthen the basis of our industrial development by means of cultivation and utilizing comprehensively the resources in our country, laying stress on the multiple purpose land development, and by equipping institutions related to industry. Our main enterprises have been making investment in equipments planning for the extension and reconstruction of factories and selection lots.

In response to this trend, cities, towns and villages in the already established industrial areas are intent, as industry develops, on ensuring lots, and equipping and improving the facilities related to industry. Since there exist some possibilities of construction of industries within cities, towns and villages other than the already established industrial areas, by active construction of factories in all parts of the country, progress of road adjustment enterprise and change of the location condition, the problems connected stimulating the founding of has been seriously considered.

Established newly in provinces, factories would often afford many advantages to the municipalities, the existing enterprises and to the people. The advantages,direct and indirect, concrete or abstract, would be the increase of population,increase of municipal funds, increased opportunities for employment and commercial prosperity. However, on the other hand, there are various complications arising in the course of constructing factories. In many cases, when factories start into operation practically, social problems arise, few employees are found, proposals by the factories regarding the road and other public undertakings increase and cause troubles between them and the citizens. Doesn't that result from little consideration in planning in response to the industrial development? In this case, a little further examination of industrial arrangement, as to what the industrial areas should be and how they should be established in the future etc. is required.

The purpose of the study in this chapter is to understand industries in this sense and to draw up and suggest an index which the city planners can make use of in planning the industrial areas that would be the focus of municipal manufacturing facilities. This would be a datum which would avail to judge, in city planning,how to deal with factories, prospects hereafter, of influence made by factories,on the stage of conception of the urban master planning, the stage of land utilization planning and the stage of operation planning and enforcement.

1.2. METHOD OF THE STUDY
With the object above-mentioned in view, the data was based on the time of construction, site area, total building area, number of employees, amount of industrial water requirement and the chief means of transportation of the chief factories.

This data was collected mainly on the basis of the following data:

1. from our 560 chief companies and 1,593 factories from "the Company Year-Book" published by the Nihon Keizai (Japan Economic Newspaper) Office in 1957, and from the books published continuously every year.
2. from the questionnaires of the location condition survey by industry enforced in 1957 by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. This survey was conducted involving industries employing over 100 employees, but those with less than 100 employees were also surveyed if they were considered to be representative ones from some types of industries or from regional industries where those in dustries were located. 2,276 industries were investigated in all.